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Título Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Autores Lydia Fortea, Aleix Solanes, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Maria Angeles Garcia-Leon, Adriana Fortea, Carla Torrent, Cristina Varo, C. Mar Bonnin, Laura Montejo, Jordi Alonso, Susana Carmona, Pau Soldevila-Matías, Irene Alustiza, Daniel Arbós, Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei, Iria Grande, Eduard Vieta, Miquel Àngel Fullana, Joaquim Radua Año publicación 2021 Revista Frontiers in Psychiatry Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and lockdown might increase anxiety and depressive symptoms in most individuals. Health bodies recommend several coping behaviors to protect against such symptoms, but evidence on the relationship between these behaviors and symptoms mostly comes from cross-sectional studies in convenience samples. We will conduct a prospective longitudinal study of the associations between coping behaviors and subsequent anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in a representative sample of the Spanish general adult population. Methods We will recruit 1,000 adult participants from all autonomous communities of Spain and with sex, age, and urbanicity distributions similar to those of their populations and assess anxiety and depressive symptoms and coping behaviors using fortnightly questionnaires and real-time methods (ecological momentary assessments) for 1 year. The fortnightly questionnaires will inquire about anxiety and depressive symptoms [General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)] and the frequency of 10 potential coping behaviors (e.g., follow a routine) during the past 2 weeks. In addition, we will collect several variables that could confound or moderate these associations. These will include subjective well-being [International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form (I-PANAS-SF) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS)], obsessive-compulsive symptoms [Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R)], personality and emotional intelligence [International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form (TEIQue-SF)], sociodemographic factors (e.g., work status, housing-built environment), and COVID-19 pandemic-related variables (e.g., hospitalizations or limitations in social gatherings). Finally, to analyze the primary relationship between coping behaviors and subsequent anxiety and depressive symptoms, we will use autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models. Discussion Based on the study results, we will develop evidence-based, clear, and specific recommendations on coping behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. Such suggestions might eventually help health bodies or individuals to manage current or future pandemics. Cita Fortea L, Solanes A, Pomarol-Clotet E, et al. Study Protocol—Coping With the Pandemics: What Works Best to Reduce Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms. Front. Psychiatry 12:642763. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.642763

Título Precuneus and insular hypoactivation during cognitive processing in first-episode psychosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of fMRI studies./ Hipoactivación precúnea e insular durante el procesamiento cognitivo en el primer episodio psicótico: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis de estudios de fMRI. Autores Pau Soldevila-Matías, Anton Albajes-Eizagirre, Joaquim Radua, Gracián García-Martí, José M. Rubio, Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez, Inmaculada Fuentes-Durá, Aleix Solanes, Lydia Fortea, Dominic Oliver, Julio Sanjuán Año publicación 2020 Revista Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental./ Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Abstract Introduction The neural correlates of the cognitive dysfunction in first-episode psychosis (FEP) are still unclear. The present review and meta-analysis provide an update of the location of the abnormalities in the fMRI-measured brain response to cognitive processes in individuals with FEP. Methods Systematic review and voxel-based meta-analysis of cross-sectional fMRI studies comparing neural responses to cognitive tasks between individuals with FEP and healthy controls (HC) according to PRISMA guidelines. Results Twenty-six studies were included, comprising 598 individuals with FEP and 567 HC. Individual studies reported statistically significant hypoactivation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (6 studies), frontal lobe (8 studies), cingulate (6 studies) and insula (5 studies). The meta-analysis showed statistically significant hypoactivation in the left anterior insula, precuneus and bilateral striatum. Conclusions While the studies tend to highlight frontal hypoactivation during cognitive tasks in FEP, our meta-analytic results show that the left precuneus and insula primarily display aberrant activation in FEP that may be associated with salience attribution to external stimuli and related to deficits in perception and regulation. Cita Soldevila-Matías P, Albajes-Eizagirre A, Radua J, et al. Precuneus and insular hypoactivation during cognitive processing in first-episode psychosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of fMRI studies. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment (Engl Ed). 2020 Sep 25. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpsm.2020.08.001

Título Longitudinal studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging in first-episode psychosis: A systematic review Autores Carlos González-Vivas, Pau Soldevila-Matías, Olga Sparano, Gracián García-Martí, Luís Martí-Bonmatí, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, André Aleman, Julio Sanjuan. Año publicación 2019 Revista European Psychiatry. The Journal of the European Psychiatric Association. Abstract Background Little is known about changes in brain functioning after first-episode psychosis (FEP). Such knowledge is important for predicting the course of disease and adapting interventions. Functional magnetic resonance imaging has become a promising tool for exploring brain function at the time of symptom onset and at follow-up. Method A systematic review of longitudinal fMRI studies with FEP patients according to PRISMA guidelines. Resting-state and task-activated studies were considered together. Results Eleven studies were included. These reported on a total of 236 FEP patients were evaluated by two fMRI scans and clinical assessments. Five studies found hypoactivation at baseline in prefrontal cortex areas, two studies found hypoactivation in the amygdala and hippocampus, and three others found hypoactivation in the basal ganglia. Other hypoactivated areas were the anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus and posterior cingulate cortex. Ten out of eleven studies reported (partial) normalization by increased activation after antipsychotic treatment. A minority of studies observed hyperactivation at baseline. Conclusions This review of longitudinal FEP samples studies reveals a pattern of predominantly hypoactivation in several brain areas at baseline that may normalize to a certain extent after treatment. The results should be interpreted with caution given the small number of studies and their methodological and clinical heterogeneity. Cita González-Vivas C, Soldevila-Matías P, Separan O, et al. Longitudinal studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging in firstepisode psychosis: A systematic review. Eur Psychiatry. 2019 Jun;59:60-69. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2019.04.009

Título First-Episode Psychotic Patients Showed Longitudinal Brain Changes Using fMRI With an Emotional Auditory Paradigm Autores Carlos González-Vivas, Gracián García-Martí, Pau Soldevila-Matías, Roberto Sanz-Requena, Eduardo J. Aguilar, María José Castro-Bleda, Luis Martí-Bonmatí, Julio Sanjuan Año publicación 2020 Revista Frontiers in Psychiatry. Abstract Most previous longitudinal studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in first-episode psychosis (FEP) using cognitive paradigm task found an increased activation after antipsychotic medications. We designed an emotional auditory paradigm to explore brain activation during emotional and nonemotional word processing. This study aimed to analyze if longitudinal changes in brain fMRI BOLD activation is present in patients vs. healthy controls. A group of FEP patients (n = 34) received clinical assessment and had a fMRI scan at baseline and follow-up (average, 25-month interval). During the fMRI scan, both emotional and nonemotional words were presented as a block design. Results were compared with a pair of healthy control group (n = 13). Patients showed a decreased activation at follow-up fMRI in amygdala (F = 4.69; p = 0.04) and hippocampus (F = 5.03; p = 0.03) compared with controls. Middle frontal gyrus was the only area that showed a substantial increased activation in patients (F = 4.53; p = 0.04). A great heterogeneity in individual activation patterns was also found. These results support the relevance of the type of paradigm in neuroimaging for psychosis. This is, as far as we know, the first longitudinal study with an emotional auditory paradigm in FEP. Our results suggested that the amygdala and hippocampus play a key role in psychotic disease. More studies are needed to understand the heterogeneity of response at individual level. Cita González-Vivas C, García-Martí G, Soldevila-Matías P, et. al. First-Episode Psychotic Patients Showed Longitudinal Brain Changes Using fMRI With an Emotional Auditory Paradigm. Front Psychiatry. 2020 Dec 11;11:593042 http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.593042

Título Clozapine-related drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome: a systematic review Autores Renato de Filippis,Pau Soldevila-Matías, Pasquale De Fazio, Daniel Guinart, Inmaculada Fuentes-Durá, Jose M. Rubio, John M. Kane, Georgios Schorets Año publicación 2020 Revista Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology Abstract Introduction The Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a severe, multiorganic, and potentially life-threatening drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction, linked to several common drugs, including antiepileptics, antibiotics, and several psychotropic drugs, including clozapine. Due to the importance of clozapine in the management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia, a systematic review and characterization of clozapine-related DRESS syndrome is long overdue. Areas covered This systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, PsychINFO, and the Cochrane Library databases were independently reviewed up to 1 November 2019 for articles reporting clozapine-related DRESS syndrome cases. The RegiSCAR score system was applied to systematically characterize the clinical presentations of selected studies. Expert opinion Clozapine-related DRESS syndrome was reported in six patients from four articles. Five patients received polypharmacy. Skin rash and liver involvement with elevated liver enzymes were very common. No fatal cases were found. Treatment mainly included clozapine discontinuation and immunosuppression. The mismatch between incidences of DRESS with other responsible drugs, the common misdiagnosis of this syndrome, and the fact that an extensive literature search only identified six cases suggests that clozapine-related DRESS may be overlooked. It is, therefore, necessary to optimize diagnostic strategies to identify immune-related side effects of clozapine. Cita De Filippis R, Soldevila-Matías P, De Fazio P, et al. Clozapine-related drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome: a systematic review. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Aug;13(8):875-883. http://doi.org/10.1080/17512433.2020.1787831

Título Unravelling cases of clozapine-related Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) in patients reported otherwise: A systematic review Autores Renato de Filippis, Pau Soldevila-Matías, Daniel Guinart, Pasquale De Fazio, Jose M Rubio, John M Kane, Georgios Schoretsanitis Año publicación 2021 Revista Journal of Psychopharmacology Abstract Background he drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction. Aims Aim was to review reports of clozapine-related reactions fulfilling the registry of severe cutaneous adverse reaction (RegiSCAR) criteria for DRESS syndrome reported as such or otherwise, to provide a descriptive overview of demographic patterns, clinical manifestations, and DRESS course and investigate associations between demographic, DRESS parameters, and clinical outcomes. Methods This review was conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020156385). We searched PubMed/Embase/PsychInfo/Cochrane for reports of clozapine-related reactions meeting RegiSCAR criteria. Associations between RegiSCAR scores and time-to-recovery with demographic/clinical variables were assessed. Demographic/clinical characteristics of patients with versus without reported DRESS were compared using non-parametrical tests. Results We identified 26 reports of 27 patients meeting RegiSCAR criteria. Males (n = 19, 70.4%) and patients with schizophrenia (n = 18, 66.7%) were mainly affected. Twelve patients (44.4%) received clozapine-monotherapy. DRESS symptoms manifested within a month after clozapine initiation (n = 24, 88.9%). Lungs and liver were the most common organs involved (n = 12, 44.4%; n = 11, 40.7%), with a mean time to recovery of 33.75 days. Clozapine rechallenge led to DRESS recurrence in four patients. Death rate was 7.4%. No associations were detected between RegiSCAR criteria or days to recovery with any demographic/clinical variables. No differences between patients with versus without reported DRESS were detected. Conclusions Clozapine-related DRESS may be rare, but also underreported. Clinicians need to be aware of it even in patients under clozapine-monotherapy or without skin rash. Cita De Filippis R, Soldevila-Matías P, Guinart D, et al. Unravelling cases of clozapine-related Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) in patients reported otherwise: A systematic review J Psychopharmacol. 2021 May 27 http://doi.org/10.1177/02698811211021587